Academics at Champion

Biology involves studies in cellular structures and processes, genetics and heredity, ecology, introduction to human anatomy & physiology, botany, zoology, microbiology, taxonomy & classification, and creation/evolution. A variety of laboratories and group studies are done to encourage gaining a larger perspective of the world in which they live and God has created. Use of the microscope, how to research, dissections, and other lab techniques are a must for this course. This is a college preparatory class that will give each student a greater depth in knowledge and application than most other science courses.

BIOLOGY
(1 year - 10 credits - grade 10)
COURSE OBJECTIVES-During this course, students will be able to:
Introductory Concepts
1.  Define Biology
2.  Define inductive and deductive reasoning, and explain which is predominant in the scientific method.
3.  Name the six characteristics of life, and give examples from living organisms.
4.  Name the parts of a compound light microscope.
5.  Operate a compound light microscope using good procedures.
Ecology
6.  Define ecology.
7.  Diagram the relationships between producers, consumers, and decomposers.
8.  Define and use the terms autotroph and heterotroph.
9.  Understand what substances each of the above groups needs, and the source of those substances.
10. Describe a food chain, using the terms producer, primary consumer/herbivore, secondary consumer/carnivore, tertiary consumer/secondary carnivore.
11. Trace the energy in all living things to the sun.
The Chemistry of Life
12.  Define atom, element, molecule, compound, and mixture.
13.  List the main elements present in living things.
14.  Describe the structure of an atom, and determine atomic number, atomic mass, and charge of atoms based on information about protons neutrons, and electrons.
15.  Describe ionic bonding and covalent bonding.
16.  Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds.
17.  List and describe basic structural and functional aspects of the main compounds of living things.
18.  List and give examples of monosacharides, disacharides, and polysacharides.
19.  Diagram and explain the processes of hydration and dehydration synthesis.
20.  Describe the structure of DNA, and compare it with the structure of RNA.
Cytology
21.  List the cell parts and describe the basic structure and function of each part.
22.  Explain the cell theory.
23.  Explain the major differences between plant and animal cells.
24.  Explain the structure of the plasma membrane as a lipid bilayer, and explain its function as a liquid barrier in a liquid environment.
25.  Explain diffusion as a major means of transportation into and out of the cell.
26.  Recall the formula for photosynthesis, and explain the formula.
27.  Recognize the difference between the light phase and the dark phase of photosynthesis.
28.  Recall the formula for cellular respiration, and explain the formula.
29.  Explain the need for ATP as compared with glucose.
30.  Recognize the three phases of cellular respiration.
31.  Compare the efficiency of aerobic cellular respiration with anaerobic cellular respiration.
32.  Explain the processes of transcription and translation in protein synthesis, with emphasis on DNA, NIRNA, IRNA, and ribosome’s.
Genetics
33.  Distinguish between species characteristics and individual characteristics.
34.  Distinguish between gene and chromosome.
35.  Explain the factors that affect characteristics: genes, environment, and spiritual nature.
36.  Explain the use of mitosis in multicellular organisms as compared with unicellular organisms.
37.  Explain how genetic material is passed from one cell to another by listing and describing the phases of mitosis.
38.  Define clone, and discuss natural and artificial clones among living organisms.
39.  Explain the purpose for developing haploid cells through meiosis.
40.  Describe the two divisions of meiosis, with emphasis on metaphase of each division.
41.  Explain the relationship between gametes, fertilization, and zygote.
42.  Understand Punnett squares in terms of meiosis and haploid gametes from two parents.
43.  Explain Mendel’s experiments with peas.
44.  Work genetics crosses, including simple dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, sex-linked traits, and dihybrid crosses.
45.  Perform hypothetical test crosses.
46.  Complete pedigrees based on genotypes and phenotypes.
47.  Explain euploidy and aneuploidy, and some of the modern examples of each.
48.  Explain some modern genetic technologies, including reproduction, genetic screening, and recombinant DNA, discussing the ethical implications of each.
Origins
49.  Discuss the limitations of science in the area of origins.
50.  List and explain the four areas of epistemology - how we know things.
51.  Explain why we must eventually rely on authority in the area of origins.
52.  Discuss the answers that can be given for the question “Who made it all?” and “How did it happen?”
53.  Explain the contributions of LaMarek and Darwin in the historical development of evolutionary theory.
54.  List and define Darwin’s ideas of fitness, adaptation, and common descent.
55.  Describe relative dating methods and radioactive dating methods, and the limitations of each.
56.  Explain the information obtained from fossils from the evolutionary perspective and offer an alternative explanation.
57.  Define homologous structures and structures in terms of their alleged support for the theory of evolution,
58.  Explain natural selection, speciation, and mutations as it relates to the theory of evolution.
59.  Give examples of alternate interpretations for a single piece of data.
60.  Discuss the theorized formation of the first cell in terms of Miller’s experiment and the probability associated with stringing together amino acids to form useful proteins.
T Taxonomy
61.  Explain the need for classifying organisms.
62.  List reasons for choosing Latin as the language of classification.
63.  List the seven divisions in the Linnaean classification system.
64.  List and give the basic characteristics of the five kingdoms in the Linnacan classification system.
65.  Use a series of four questions to classify any organism according to its kingdom.
Kingdom Monera
66.  Describe the structure of bacteria as one-celled organisms.
67.  List and describe the bacterial shapes and colonies.
68.  Describe reproduction in bacteria and the limitations on their reproduction.
69.  List the methods bacteria have of obtaining energy.
70.  Describe the basic characteristics of blue-green algae.
71.  List some uses for bacteria in the modern world.
Kingdom Protista
72.  Distinguish between subkingdoms protozoa and protophyta.
73.  Distinguish protozoan phyla based on methods of movement.
74.  Describe basic characteristics of each protozoan phylum, and give an example.
75.  List and describe basic characteristics for the five phyla of eucaryotic algae.
76.  Give examples of each of the above algae phyla.
Kingdom Fungi
77.  Distinguish between saprophytic and parasitic fungi.
78.  Explain why fungi are not classified as plants.
79.  List examples of helpful and harmful fungi.
80.  Describe the characteristics of the three main fungi phyla.
Kingdom Plantae
81.  Distinguish between plants based on presence or absence of vascular tissue, reproduction by seeds or by spores, and production of flowers or cones.
82.  Distinguish between monocots and dicots.
83.  Describe the process of pollenization, seed formation, and fruit formation in flowering
plants.
84.  Label and describe the function of each of the parts of a flower.
85.  Describe the major functions of roots, stems, and leaves.
86.  Describe variations in leaf structure.
87.  Explain the process by which water is transported within a plant.
88.  Distinguish between xylem and phloem.
Kingdom Animalia
89.  Distinguish between vertebrate and invertebrate zoology.
90.  Distinguish between endothermic and exothermic vertebrates.
91.  Describe the main characteristics of the following phyla and name example organisms:
chordata, aithropoda, porifera, cnidaria, plateyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, echinodermata.
92.  Describe the main characteristics of the following classes and name example organisms: insecta, arachnida, malacostraca, ostejethycs, aves, reptilia, amphibia, mammalia.
93.  Observe and identify structures of members of the following phyla: platyhelminthes, mollusca, arthropoda, and chordata.
94.  Identify the major organs of human anatomy and describe the main function of each of the major Systems in human anatomy.
MAJOR ACTIVITIES:
Reading and written assignments from textbook
Lab experiments, including microscope usage.
MAJOR RESOURCE MATERIALS:
Selected Text
MEANS OF STUDENT EVALUATION:
1. Regular assignments.
2. Laboratory responses.
3. Quizzes and tests.